What is EV Powertrain
In order to run a vehicle, the initial requirement is a Power source that can provide power like Fuel, coal, battery, Fuel cell etc. energy conversion devices like the internal combustion engine, external combustion engine, motor, and wheel. The main Aim of the Powertrain system is to generate the energy from the power source by conversion device and deliver it to the wheel this process makes a vehicle run.
In conventional IC engine architecture the engine is power conversion device but in the EV powertrain Architecture Motor is the one does the energy conversion work transmission driveshaft axles and differential is the main components in terms of EV powertrain
EV v/s ICE Powertrain
In IC Engine there are so many moving components present. Engine, Transmission, and driveshaft are the main component of ICE Powertrain
The engine generates the power and then by the help of driveshaft it got delivered on the wheels, Differentials, axle are the other components of the ICE Powertrain
EV Powertrain Components
DC-AC Converter: It is a power electronic device with converts the DC power into AC power, current output from the battery is DC (Direct Current), In EV the DC supply by battery pack is converted to AC supply to feed the electric motor.
Power fed to AC motor is controlled by Electronic control unit (ECU) for controlling Frequency and magnitude of supply, to increase or decrease speed of vehicle.
Required power is managed by ECU (Electronic control unit) that basically controls the frequency and magnitude of the voltage supply to the electric motor in order to increase or decrease the speed of the vehicle as per required.
Electric Motor: in order to convert electric energy into mechanical energy electric motor is used. The electric motor operate by interaction between the motors magnetic field and electric current in the winding. In few of the motors if you provide input as an electricity then it work as motor but I case of mechanical input it become generator which can recharge the battery while vehicle is running this process is called regenerative braking.
DC-DC Converter: DC to DC converters are high-frequency power conversion circuits that use high-frequency switching and inductors capacitors and transformers to smooth out switching noise into regulated DC voltages, voltage is fixed by the battery pack but as per the different condition the requirement will also change
Rectifier: It is used in a various device and can be used to converts alternative current. Which reverses direction to direct current DC current flows in only one direction and the reverse operation is taken into action by inverter
